{"id":769,"date":"2025-11-27T13:44:56","date_gmt":"2025-11-27T12:44:56","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/bajki.etnomuzeum.pl\/?page_id=769"},"modified":"2025-11-27T22:18:11","modified_gmt":"2025-11-27T21:18:11","slug":"bajarzee","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"http:\/\/bajki.etnomuzeum.pl\/?page_id=769&lang=en","title":{"rendered":"bajarzeE"},"content":{"rendered":"[vc_row type=”full_width_content” full_screen_row_position=”middle” column_margin=”default” column_direction=”default” column_direction_tablet=”default” column_direction_phone=”default” bg_image=”887″ bg_position=”center center” background_image_loading=”default” bg_repeat=”no-repeat” scene_position=”center” bottom_padding=”540″ text_color=”dark” text_align=”left” row_border_radius=”none” row_border_radius_applies=”bg” overflow=”visible” overlay_strength=”0.3″ gradient_direction=”left_to_right” shape_divider_position=”bottom” bg_image_animation=”none” gradient_type=”default” shape_type=””][vc_column column_padding=”no-extra-padding” column_padding_tablet=”inherit” column_padding_phone=”inherit” column_padding_position=”all” column_element_direction_desktop=”default” column_element_spacing=”default” desktop_text_alignment=”default” tablet_text_alignment=”default” phone_text_alignment=”default” background_color_opacity=”1″ background_hover_color_opacity=”1″ column_backdrop_filter=”none” column_shadow=”none” column_border_radius=”none” column_link_target=”_self” column_position=”default” gradient_direction=”left_to_right” overlay_strength=”0.3″ width=”1\/1″ tablet_width_inherit=”default” animation_type=”default” bg_image_animation=”none” border_type=”simple” column_border_width=”none” column_border_style=”solid”][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row type=”in_container” full_screen_row_position=”middle” column_margin=”default” column_direction=”default” column_direction_tablet=”default” column_direction_phone=”default” scene_position=”center” text_color=”dark” text_align=”left” row_border_radius=”none” row_border_radius_applies=”bg” overflow=”visible” overlay_strength=”0.3″ gradient_direction=”left_to_right” shape_divider_position=”bottom” bg_image_animation=”none” gradient_type=”default” shape_type=””][vc_column column_padding=”padding-10-percent” column_padding_tablet=”inherit” column_padding_phone=”inherit” column_padding_position=”left-right” column_element_direction_desktop=”default” column_element_spacing=”default” desktop_text_alignment=”default” tablet_text_alignment=”default” phone_text_alignment=”default” background_color_opacity=”1″ background_hover_color_opacity=”1″ column_backdrop_filter=”none” column_shadow=”none” column_border_radius=”none” column_link_target=”_self” column_position=”default” gradient_direction=”left_to_right” overlay_strength=”0.3″ width=”1\/1″ tablet_width_inherit=”default” animation_type=”default” bg_image_animation=”none” border_type=”simple” column_border_width=”none” column_border_style=”solid” column_padding_type=”default” gradient_type=”default”][divider line_type=”No Line” custom_height=”50″][vc_column_text css=”” text_direction=”default”]\n

Aldona Paczkowska and Feliks Paczkowski<\/span>
\nKuyavian Storytellers<\/span><\/h3>\n[\/vc_column_text][divider line_type=”No Line” custom_height=”25″][vc_column_text css=”” text_direction=”default”]\n

The fairy tales presented on Fleeting Traditions<\/i> portal come from the Folklore Archive of the Ethnographic Museum in Toru\u0144. They belong to a rich collection of around 350 fairy tales, fables and legends, collected by participants in folklore competitions organised in the 1950s and 1960s. Among them were Aldona Paczkowska, n\u00e9e Dubacka, and Feliks Paczkowski, her husband\u2019s brother \u2013 both from W\u0142oc\u0142awek. They were characterised by an excellent memory, imagination and literary ability. Their great virtue was their awareness of the value of content passed down from generation to generation and their willingness to perpetuate it. The Paczkowski family took part in competitions on three occasions and were awarded prizes by the jury for the works they submitted. They considered this to be a great honour, and in her letters to the organisers of the competitions Aldona referred to herself as the \u201cfairy tale correspondent from W\u0142oc\u0142awek\u201d. They were not educated, but had exceptional literary talent. The fairy tales they wrote down are characterised by fairly correct language and perfectly sketched realities of the depicted world, skilfully combined with fairy-tale fantasy. The Paczkowski family did not invent the plots themselves, but used the fairy tale stories they had heard and created their own works based on these.<\/p>\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row type=”in_container” full_screen_row_position=”middle” column_margin=”default” column_direction=”default” column_direction_tablet=”default” column_direction_phone=”default” scene_position=”center” text_color=”dark” text_align=”left” row_border_radius=”none” row_border_radius_applies=”bg” overflow=”visible” overlay_strength=”0.3″ gradient_direction=”left_to_right” shape_divider_position=”bottom” bg_image_animation=”none”][vc_column column_padding=”padding-10-percent” column_padding_tablet=”inherit” column_padding_phone=”inherit” column_padding_position=”left-right” column_element_direction_desktop=”default” column_element_spacing=”default” desktop_text_alignment=”default” tablet_text_alignment=”default” phone_text_alignment=”default” background_color_opacity=”1″ background_hover_color_opacity=”1″ column_backdrop_filter=”none” column_shadow=”none” column_border_radius=”none” column_link_target=”_self” column_position=”default” gradient_direction=”left_to_right” overlay_strength=”0.3″ width=”1\/1″ tablet_width_inherit=”default” animation_type=”default” bg_image_animation=”none” border_type=”simple” column_border_width=”none” column_border_style=”solid” column_padding_type=”default” gradient_type=”default”][vc_gallery css=”” type=”nectarslider_style” images=”480,481,482,483,484,485,486,487″ image_loading=”default” ns_image_rendering=”default” ns_image_aspect_ratio=”default” disable_auto_rotate=”true” bullet_navigation_style=”see_through” onclick=”link_image” img_size=”700×600″][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row type=”in_container” full_screen_row_position=”middle” column_margin=”default” column_direction=”default” column_direction_tablet=”default” column_direction_phone=”default” scene_position=”center” text_color=”dark” text_align=”left” row_border_radius=”none” row_border_radius_applies=”bg” overflow=”visible” overlay_strength=”0.3″ gradient_direction=”left_to_right” shape_divider_position=”bottom” bg_image_animation=”none”][vc_column column_padding=”padding-10-percent” column_padding_tablet=”inherit” column_padding_phone=”inherit” column_padding_position=”left-right” column_element_direction_desktop=”default” column_element_spacing=”default” desktop_text_alignment=”default” tablet_text_alignment=”default” phone_text_alignment=”default” background_color_opacity=”1″ background_hover_color_opacity=”1″ column_backdrop_filter=”none” column_shadow=”none” column_border_radius=”none” column_link_target=”_self” column_position=”default” gradient_direction=”left_to_right” overlay_strength=”0.3″ width=”1\/1″ tablet_width_inherit=”default” animation_type=”default” bg_image_animation=”none” border_type=”simple” column_border_width=”none” column_border_style=”solid” column_padding_type=”default” gradient_type=”default”][divider line_type=”No Line” custom_height=”25″][vc_column_text css=”” text_direction=”default”]\n

The fairy tales presented on Fleeting Traditions<\/i> portal come from the Folklore Archive of the Ethnographic Museum in Toru\u0144. They belong to a rich collection of around 350 fairy tales, fables and legends, collected by participants in folklore competitions organised in the 1950s and 1960s. Among them were Aldona Paczkowska, n\u00e9e Dubacka, and Feliks Paczkowski, her husband\u2019s brother \u2013 both from W\u0142oc\u0142awek. They were characterised by an excellent memory, imagination and literary ability. Their great virtue was their awareness of the value of content passed down from generation to generation and their willingness to perpetuate it. The Paczkowski family took part in competitions on three occasions and were awarded prizes by the jury for the works they submitted. They considered this to be a great honour, and in her letters to the organisers of the competitions Aldona referred to herself as the \u201cfairy tale correspondent from W\u0142oc\u0142awek\u201d. They were not educated, but had exceptional literary talent. The fairy tales they wrote down are characterised by fairly correct language and perfectly sketched realities of the depicted world, skilfully combined with fairy-tale fantasy. The Paczkowski family did not invent the plots themselves, but used the fairy tale stories they had heard and created their own works based on these.<\/p>\n

Unfortunately, little is known about the biographical details of Feliks Paczkowski and Aldona Paczkowska. They both came from families of bricklayers. Feliks (1930-1997) completed primary school and one form of vocational school \u2013 he was a baker. He worked as a labourer at the W\u0142oc\u0142awek Machine and Equipment Factory \u2018Wis\u0142a\u2019. Feliks\u2019 sister-in-law Aldona (1927-1990, n\u00e9e Dubacka) completed two forms of primary school and was a housewife. They both remembered most of the submitted fairy tales from their childhood. As Feliks Paczkowski recalled, they were told in the evenings by older family members, neighbours and acquaintances. Among them was uncle J\u00f3zef Zimecki, born in 1887, who liked to recall the fairy tales he had heard in his youth, sometimes inventing new ones himself or improving the well-known ones. Zimecki, a bricklayer by profession, was also a nativity scene maker, he was carolling with a handmade nativity scene and presenting a nativity show of his own making.<\/p>\n[\/vc_column_text][divider line_type=”No Line” custom_height=”25″][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row type=”in_container” full_screen_row_position=”middle” column_margin=”default” column_direction=”default” column_direction_tablet=”default” column_direction_phone=”default” scene_position=”center” text_color=”dark” text_align=”left” row_border_radius=”none” row_border_radius_applies=”bg” overflow=”visible” overlay_strength=”0.3″ gradient_direction=”left_to_right” shape_divider_position=”bottom” bg_image_animation=”none”][vc_column column_padding=”padding-10-percent” column_padding_tablet=”inherit” column_padding_phone=”inherit” column_padding_position=”left-right” column_element_direction_desktop=”default” column_element_spacing=”default” desktop_text_alignment=”default” tablet_text_alignment=”default” phone_text_alignment=”default” background_color_opacity=”1″ background_hover_color_opacity=”1″ column_backdrop_filter=”none” column_shadow=”none” column_border_radius=”none” column_link_target=”_self” column_position=”default” gradient_direction=”left_to_right” overlay_strength=”0.3″ width=”1\/1″ tablet_width_inherit=”default” animation_type=”default” bg_image_animation=”none” border_type=”simple” column_border_width=”none” column_border_style=”solid” column_padding_type=”default” gradient_type=”default”][vc_gallery css=”” type=”nectarslider_style” images=”586,585,584″ image_loading=”default” ns_image_rendering=”default” ns_image_aspect_ratio=”default” disable_auto_rotate=”true” bullet_navigation_style=”see_through” onclick=”link_image” img_size=”550×880″][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row type=”in_container” full_screen_row_position=”middle” column_margin=”default” column_direction=”default” column_direction_tablet=”default” column_direction_phone=”default” scene_position=”center” text_color=”dark” text_align=”left” row_border_radius=”none” row_border_radius_applies=”bg” overflow=”visible” overlay_strength=”0.3″ gradient_direction=”left_to_right” shape_divider_position=”bottom” bg_image_animation=”none”][vc_column column_padding=”padding-10-percent” column_padding_tablet=”inherit” column_padding_phone=”inherit” column_padding_position=”left-right” column_element_direction_desktop=”default” column_element_spacing=”default” desktop_text_alignment=”default” tablet_text_alignment=”default” phone_text_alignment=”default” background_color_opacity=”1″ background_hover_color_opacity=”1″ column_backdrop_filter=”none” column_shadow=”none” column_border_radius=”none” column_link_target=”_self” column_position=”default” gradient_direction=”left_to_right” overlay_strength=”0.3″ width=”1\/1″ tablet_width_inherit=”default” animation_type=”default” bg_image_animation=”none” border_type=”simple” column_border_width=”none” column_border_style=”solid” column_padding_type=”default” gradient_type=”default”][divider line_type=”No Line” custom_height=”25″][vc_column_text css=”” text_direction=”default”]\n

Paczkowski liked to go fishing outside Wloclawek. There he would chat up the farmers he met and encourage them to tell the fairy tales they knew. He would take notes, and in the evenings, at home, he would write down their contents, probably adding a lot from himself, so that the fairy-tale world would be as complete as possible. Hence (as in the fairy tales written down by Aldona) the numerous descriptions in them of old social relations (e.g. cruel landowners), family relations (e.g. evil stepmothers and brothers), beliefs (e.g. in witches, strzygas), as well as the realities of everyday life. Paczkowski\u2019s fairy tales differed from the traditional ones by introducing descriptions of the characters\u2019 inner lives, their impressions and emotions, their mental states. This may have been the result of their familiarity with literary fiction and their desire to model their own works on it.<\/p>\n

Neither Feliks nor Aldona, being city dwellers and coming from a working-class background, used the Kuyavian dialect. They wrote in literary Polish, weaving in dialect and jargon words, colloquial sayings and even phrases from the official language. The fairy tales are often set in a specific place (e.g. on the Hel Peninsula, on the Gop\u0142o Lake, on the Zg\u0142owi\u0105czka River, on the road between W\u0142oc\u0142awek and Wieniec), mostly in an unspecified time (e.g. a very long time ago or \u2018in times like these, which we do not know and do not remember\u2019). The Aldona Paczkowska\u2019s and Feliks\u2019 Paczkowski\u2019s fairy tales have a happy ending, sometimes with a moral or instructive punch line. Feliks, who, as he claimed, wanted to be in tune with tradition, sometimes put humorous formulas at the end of his fairy tales, e.g. \u2018Two holes in the nose and it\u2019s over\u2019 or a proverb, e.g. \u2018Where the devil won\u2019t tempt, there a woman\u00a0 <\/span>must\u2019. Aldona wrote simply \u2018The end\u2019 or \u2018The end of the fairy tale\u2019. Among the 60 fairy tales submitted by the Paczkowski family for the competitions, magical fairy tales (e.g. About a Landowner who Haunted, Fairy Tale about a Bird, a Lion and a Whale, About a Poor Widow and her Five Daughters, Fairy Tale about a Fair Fellow) and novelistic tales (e.g. About a Happy Hour, About a Monster Dwarf, Fairy Tale about Bandits) dominated.<\/p>\n

The fairy tales, although heard in Kuyavia, often came from outside the region. Aldona knew some from the German woman she served as a child, or her father told them to her, and he learned them from a priest he knew from the Bialystok area. The Paczkowski family included this information in a small number of notes, which makes it possible to trace the flow of stories to Kuyavia, confirming the thesis – well known to folklorists – of the migratory character of folk tales.<\/p>\n[\/vc_column_text][vc_row_inner column_margin=”default” column_direction=”default” column_direction_tablet=”default” column_direction_phone=”default” text_align=”left” row_position=”default” row_position_tablet=”inherit” row_position_phone=”inherit” overflow=”visible” pointer_events=”all”][vc_column_inner column_padding=”no-extra-padding” column_padding_tablet=”inherit” column_padding_phone=”inherit” column_padding_position=”all” column_element_direction_desktop=”default” column_element_spacing=”default” desktop_text_alignment=”default” tablet_text_alignment=”default” phone_text_alignment=”default” background_color_opacity=”1″ background_hover_color_opacity=”1″ column_backdrop_filter=”none” column_shadow=”none” column_border_radius=”none” column_link_target=”_self” overflow=”visible” gradient_direction=”left_to_right” overlay_strength=”0.3″ width=”1\/3″ tablet_width_inherit=”default” animation_type=”default” bg_image_animation=”none” border_type=”simple” column_border_width=”none” column_border_style=”solid”][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner column_padding=”no-extra-padding” column_padding_tablet=”inherit” column_padding_phone=”inherit” column_padding_position=”all” column_element_direction_desktop=”default” column_element_spacing=”default” desktop_text_alignment=”default” tablet_text_alignment=”default” phone_text_alignment=”default” background_color_opacity=”1″ background_hover_color_opacity=”1″ column_backdrop_filter=”none” column_shadow=”none” column_border_radius=”none” column_link_target=”_self” overflow=”visible” gradient_direction=”left_to_right” overlay_strength=”0.3″ width=”1\/3″ tablet_width_inherit=”default” animation_type=”default” bg_image_animation=”none” border_type=”simple” column_border_width=”none” column_border_style=”solid”][divider line_type=”No Line” custom_height=”50″][image_with_animation image_url=”683″ image_size=”full” max_width=”110%” max_width_mobile=”default” animation_type=”entrance” animation=”None” animation_movement_type=”transform_y” hover_animation=”none” alignment=”center” border_radius=”none” box_shadow=”none” image_loading=”default”][divider line_type=”No Line” custom_height=”25″][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner column_padding=”no-extra-padding” column_padding_tablet=”inherit” column_padding_phone=”inherit” column_padding_position=”all” column_element_direction_desktop=”default” column_element_spacing=”default” desktop_text_alignment=”default” tablet_text_alignment=”default” phone_text_alignment=”default” background_color_opacity=”1″ background_hover_color_opacity=”1″ column_backdrop_filter=”none” column_shadow=”none” column_border_radius=”none” column_link_target=”_self” overflow=”visible” gradient_direction=”left_to_right” overlay_strength=”0.3″ width=”1\/3″ tablet_width_inherit=”default” animation_type=”default” bg_image_animation=”none” border_type=”simple” column_border_width=”none” column_border_style=”solid”][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][\/vc_column][\/vc_row]\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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